Recently, the group led by Professor Zhi Chen collaborated with Ningbo Second Hospital published their clinical findings on acute-on-chronic liver failure in Hepatology. The study revealed that ACLF patients precipitated by hepatic insults (Hepatic ACLF, H-ACLF) are distinct from those by extra-hepatic insults (Extra-hepatic ACLF, E-ACLF) in clinical presentation.